Glossary
The AI medical scribe glossary
The terms that actually come up when evaluating ambient scribes — note formats, technology, compliance, EU and US regulation, coding and workflow. Plain-language definitions written for clinicians, not for the lawyers.
49 terms · grouped by topic below.
Technology
AI hallucination
When an AI model writes something confidently into a note that was never said.
AI medical scribe
Software that drafts clinical notes from a conversation, replacing or assisting a human scribe.
Ambient AI scribe
AI that listens to a clinical encounter and drafts a structured note automatically.
ASR (Automatic Speech Recognition)
The speech-to-text foundation under every ambient scribe.
LLM (Large Language Model)
The transformer-based language model under every AI scribe.
On-device AI
AI that runs entirely on the clinician's own machine, so data never reaches a cloud.
RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
Pulling supporting documents into the AI's context before it answers.
Speaker diarization
Separating who said what in a multi-speaker recording.
Notes & formats
BIRP note
Therapy note format: Behaviour, Intervention, Response, Plan.
DAP note
Therapy note format: Data, Assessment, Plan.
GIRP note
Therapy note format: Goal, Intervention, Response, Plan.
HPI (History of Present Illness)
Structured account of the patient's current symptoms — the heart of the Subjective section.
MSE (Mental Status Exam)
Structured psychiatric assessment of appearance, behaviour, mood, thought, cognition.
PIRP note
Therapy note format: Problem, Intervention, Response, Plan.
Problem list
Structured running list of a patient's active and resolved diagnoses in the EHR.
SOAP note
Standard four-part clinical note: Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan.
Compliance & security
BAA (Business Associate Agreement)
Contract that makes a vendor legally responsible for HIPAA-protected data they touch.
Data residency
Where the vendor actually stores and processes your data.
DPA (Data Processing Agreement)
GDPR-required contract between you (controller) and the vendor (processor).
FADP / revDSG (Swiss)
Switzerland's revised Federal Act on Data Protection — stricter than GDPR in some respects.
GDPR
EU data-protection law — non-negotiable for any EU healthcare deployment.
HIPAA
US federal law protecting health information; the minimum compliance bar for US deployments.
HITRUST
Healthcare-specific control framework combining HIPAA, NIST and ISO requirements.
ISO 27001
International standard for information-security management systems.
PHI / ePHI
Protected (electronic) Health Information — the data HIPAA covers.
SOC 2 Type II
Independent audit of a vendor's security controls over a period of time.
Sub-processor
A third party the vendor uses to process your data (cloud, LLM provider, etc.).
Training on customer data
Whether the vendor uses your sessions to train its AI models.
Zero-retention
A policy where vendor immediately deletes audio and / or notes after use.
Regulation
Annex VIII, Rule 11 (EU MDR)
The MDR rule that classifies decision-informing healthcare software as a regulated device.
CE mark
Mark indicating an EU medical device has passed conformity assessment.
Class I medical device (MDR)
Lowest MDR risk class — self-declared, no Notified Body required in most cases.
Class IIa medical device (MDR)
Moderate-risk MDR class — Notified Body assessment and CE mark required.
EU AI Act
EU regulation classifying AI by risk; high-risk AI in regulated products faces extra obligations.
EU MDR (Regulation 2017/745)
EU Medical Device Regulation — governs healthcare software that has a medical purpose.
FDA Cures Act non-device CDS
US carve-out exempting transparent clinical decision support from FDA device regulation.
MDCG 2019-11
European Commission guidance on qualifying and classifying medical-device software under MDR.
Notified Body
Independent EU-designated organisation that audits regulated medical-device software.
Coding & billing
CPT
American Medical Association codes for procedures and services billed in US healthcare.
E/M coding
Evaluation-and-management billing — the CPT subset most outpatient visits use.
ICD-10
International Classification of Diseases (10th revision) — standard diagnosis codes.
ICD-11
Newer WHO diagnosis-code standard, gradually being adopted globally.
NPI (National Provider Identifier)
US clinician identifier — used by some tools to gate access to verified clinicians.
SNOMED CT
Standardised clinical terminology — more granular than ICD, used in EHRs.
TARDOC
Swiss outpatient tariff replacing TARMED — relevant for Swiss-built scribes.
Workflow & data
Audit trail
Per-statement provenance linking note content to the moment it was generated from.
Bidirectional EHR write-back
Scribe-generated content flowing back into the EHR's structured fields.
Embedded EHR integration
A scribe running inside the EHR's own UI, not as a separate app.
Patient summary
AI-generated post-visit summary intended for the patient.